Birth Control Methods Ms. Drew Health Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. In places like Dhungad, a village in southeast Baitadi with a population of around 400, there was no food to spare for outsiders when she visited. These methods help to take care of mother and child. ... View answer, measure(i am asking this because there was a gap of 8 days). Long-term contraception is a novel service for many women in Nepal. In the mid-1970s, fertility peaked at six births per woman, and only 3% of married women were using any form of modern birth control.1 Fertility declined to 4.1 births per woman by 2001, and to 3.1 by 2006. All of the world’s major religions endorse responsible parenthood, but when it comes to methods the consensus often dissolves. When talking about the different birth control methods, you would immediately think of condoms, IUDs, and the most famous one — the pill. Modern methods. The theory goes: In a society with widely available, inexpensive contraception, women will not have as many abortions. Chaudhary wore ankle-high hiking boots, but Bhandari, in light-wash jeans and an oversize woolen cardigan, had on only a pair of thin-sole Punjabi juttis, like minimally ergonomic Vibrams. But she was astonished by the bleakness of life she found there. Postpartum women giving birth in the catchment area population of a district-level hospital in the Far-Western Development Region of Nepal were invited to complete a cross-sectional survey in 2012 about their recent birth experience. I remembered that Bhandari got married when she was 19 and gave birth a year later, so I asked, cautiously, if that had been her experience. Chaudhary has been injured several times on these trips. “Did it hurt?”, “So what are you going to say in the village?”. It’s a problem.”. “No!” she said. Various family planning methods cause different side effects. Birth control, also known as contraception, is designed to prevent pregnancy. You are already signed-up with us. Most teens use birth control pills and condoms, methods which are less effective at … ... View answer, need to use safety measures every day? They're available by prescription only and are highly effective at preventing pregnancy, although they offer no protection against STIs. Another time, she and Bhandari found themselves suddenly within charging distance of a pair of wild bulls, one of which went after Chaudhary; she tripped into a bush of thorns while running away, and although she escaped—the bull ran off—the thorns left scars down the right side of her body. Less than 5% of teens on birth control use LARC. Side effects depend upon the type of birth control. You should always speak with your doctor before you follow anything that you read on this website. It is an injection, with a very small needle, that women can give to themselves to prevent pregnancies for 3 months. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The long-term methods would allow her to plan how many kids she could afford to feed; they are also more convenient. Use of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) is low. Common side effects are nausea, headaches, breast swelling, water retention, weight gain or depression. There are many different methods of birth control including condoms, IUDs, birth control pills, the rhythm method, vasectomy, and tubal ligation. To inspire active participation in the world outside through award-winning coverage of the sports, people, places, adventure, discoveries, health and fitness, gear and apparel, trends and events that make up an active lifestyle. On the trail to Gujar, we encountered a handful of people heading in the opposite direction. I have a few queries- 1.is it true that prolonged use... View answer, Docter I am 5th month mother.yesterday I participated first time after my delivary in sex with my husband with out safety precautions.and only one time i particpated.my periods r not come still after my delivary.is there... View answer, Me and my girlfriend were together..we did not do sex but i did fingering just over d vagina n slightly in it..girl is a virgin.My hand was dry bt i think i had small amount of dried up preejaculated lquid on my finger... View answer, i had my periods on 14th august ... today is 22nd august.. last night around 12 midnight i had unprotected sex with my bf... my regular period interval is 3o days to 32 days but this time i had period in interval of 40... View answer, Hi,I had a unsafe Sex with my girlfriend and she had not got her periods on date and we have doubt about it. Birth control, contraception, or fertility control is a method including medicine or device to prevent pregnancy. Find the right birth control prescription for your body and lifestyle. This is a permanent birth control method and has a 99% effective rate. While monitoring fertility through period tracking is no new concept, advances in technology and the age of the smartphone have made this more user-friendly and accessible. She carried the baby on a sling at her chest. Bhandari took Bista through a lineup of contraceptive options. This process of maintaining a gap between two children slows does the rate of birth by controlling frequent birth and ultimately helps in the control of population growth. This leaves clinics with unqualified staff and locals with limited access to implants and IUDs, a gap that VSPs have filled for the past two years. Modern methods of family planning include birth control, assisted reproductive technology and family planning programs. It takes about a week for the birth control pills to work, so use an additional form of birth control until then. She once lost her footing on a cliff and tumbled toward the Mahakali River, her fall broken by a slab of rock that was jutting out of the side of the hill. Long-term contraception is a novel service for many women in Nepal. A study in rural Nepal also established that the decision for uptake of the institutional birth services was influenced more by family members or family members and women and not by women alone . Barrier methods stop sperm from entering the vagina. The same duration applies to the birth control measures too. popular method in Nepal. Some invoke social and religious taboos, while others insist their partners won’t agree. Different Ways for Reducing the Birth Rate! Attendees arranged themselves in a circle outside the village clinic. “I tell myself I could get injured anywhere, even at home,” she says. Birth control pills may also be prescribed to reduce menstrual cramps or prevent anemia. Bhandari initially brought her then eight-month-old daughter, Kristina, on her trips, because she was unwilling to part with her for weeks at a time. The sun had begun to set when Bhandari and Chaudhary emerged from the building. Family planning practice was good in rural area of Nepal. “The wind and water just aren’t the same anywhere else,” she said. But sometimes when her period gets delayed , we become tense ... View answer. We descended, and as we began crossing the freezing Surnaya River, I noticed the women’s footwear. Please advise for this pill to get from or what further... View answer, as a contraceptive measure . For example, birth control pills, implants and injections are not recommended for women who smoke or have health complications such as a history of heart disease or breast cancer 6. Chaudhary was daunted by the new terrain. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google, Thanks for signing up! The choice of what birth control a woman or couple chooses depends upon the health of the individuals and whether they want to conceive a child or not. After hearing that a clinic employee in Sakar, a village near Patan, received an implant, 30 local women lined up in a single day—the highest number to date—to do the same. Birth control methods vary far and wide. She handled the trocar. Key facts. In others the land allows locals to grow only maize and potatoes—and just enough to feed themselves for a few months every year, obliging them to import the rest of their sustenance via pack mule. We offer dozens of options of birth control pills, patch, ring, shot, and emergency contraception. I had an accident. “We’re all sisters. It is best to always pair your birth control with a condom. Rumors about the intrauterine device (IUD) had been bothering her. The Indian government funds approximately 4 million tubal ligations per year, more than any other country in the world. We are going for the check up but if we get +ve report . Women with twin pregnancies (n=15) and those delivering infants with congenital malformations (n=13) were excluded from the study. What are barrier methods? When they fail to make it to their destination in time, the women have had to request shelter from locals in other villages. There’s a method for nearly every body and lifestyle. This method isn’t totally ineffective, but you still risk pregnancy. It also helps in maintaining a gap between the children so that they can use resources properly. Conversely, if contraception such as birth control pills, IUDs and condoms are difficult to obtain, women will have more abortions. “You see women who have six or seven children and are unwillingly having more,” she says. In Nepal, Emergency Contraception (EC) could play a critical role in reducing unintended pregnancies, but very few people aware about it. https://www.outsideonline.com/2401032/nepal-birth-control-marie-stopes Toward the end of the two-hour session in Siddhapur, a woman in the circle asked if IUDs and implants are completely safe. Hello Ah, birth control. But it’s one thing to swallow pills, Bhandari told me, and another to agree to have a device inserted under your skin or into your uterus. The FSH and LH have vital role in the maturation of eggs and preparation of uterine lining for embryo implantation. and if not, what other measures should i take up? Stop all sort of contraceptive measures. Copyright 2020 © healthcaremagic.com. Types include condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps, and contraceptive sponges. I am worried about getting pregnant so wanted to know which is the best way to avoid a pregnancy and which the best, safest pill in the... View answer, in that case can i take a birth control pill after an unprotected sex to reduce the chances of getting pregnant? “Please call us,” Bhandari told the clinic supervisor as we left. Earlier that day, she had arrived in Siddhapur from Patan, the capital of Baitadi, which, like the rest of this midhills region of Nepal, has few roads and is notoriously difficult to supply with modern services. Intrauterine devices: copper T. Oral contraception: oral hormonal pills. Non-Prescription Birth Control Methods - 简体中文 (Chinese, Simplified (Mandarin dialect)) PDF Reproductive Health Access Project Patch User Guide - English PDF As she asked Bista about her husband and children, Bhandari applied the Betadine and injected anesthetic. Many barrier methods of birth control are available for a man or woman, for example, the sponge, female and male condoms, diaphram, spermicides, male condoms, female condoms, contraceptive sponge, diaphragm, and cervical cap. New birth-control options, ... anemic and at higher risk of death because they bear children young and often — urgently need methods to delay or space pregnancies. These methods can be implemented both in men and women. She is going at her native place for 1 month ... View answer, Hi, I have been married for 1 year and want to use birth control pills.I currently use condoms as a preventive measure. We hear from our audience every day about how much they love our long-form journalism. As of today in 2020, people have the safest and most effective methods available to use. by Raina Lipsitz. “None of that is true,” Bhandari told her. In many countries, there were a lot of strange and possibly dangerous types of birth control methods. She once lost her footing on a cliff and tumbled toward the Mahakali River. Worse, there was a chance it would float up and into her stomach and perhaps make its way to her throat. “They’re like daughters-in-law!” she said. “So of course fear plays in your heart.” But she’s learned to rationalize away the risks. Start taking Folic acid and take care of any health problem you have. Some of them are required to be used every time you have sex (such as condoms), then there are hormonal methods (such as birth control pills, or patches), then there are medical procedures as well. In two years, the number of clients in Baitadi has steadily increased, from 598 in 2017 to 989 in 2018. She guided Bista’s fingers to the two rods in her arm. Nepal Bhutan Maldives ... "I have come across only two to three women in my village who are using birth control methods. This was her first stop. Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and safe methods of birth control only became available in the 20th century. Thanks for using health care magic for posting your query. Suggest effective birth control methods to avoid pregnancy . “You hear about drunk people on the road, about cases of rape,” Bhandari says. BackgroundOptimal birth spacing has health advantages for both mother and child. Birth control is a way for women and men to prevent getting pregnant and plan the timing of pregnancy. Methods. Three combinations of birth control pills that contain progestin and estrogen are 1) monophasic, 2) biphasic, and 3) triphasic. Any health question asked on this site will be visible to the people who browse this site. A longstanding debate exists in population policy about the relationship between modern contraception and abortion. “We’ll come even if only two or four people want the service.”. The history of birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, refers to the methods or devices that have been historically used to prevent pregnancy. For thousands of years now people have been using different birth control methods. Planning, making available, and using birth control is called family planning. The issue: Some academics, policy makers and advocates hypothesize that contraceptives and abortion are considered substitutes. So VSPs promote hormonal implants and copper IUDs as more convenient options: they are cheaper, have fewer side effects, and require no maintenance for years at a time. This paper aims to investigate the level of awareness and factors influencing awareness of EC among college students. When Marie Stopes hired Bhandari as a VSP in 2017, she was newly certified as an auxiliary nurse-midwife. (Photo: Courtesy UNFPA Nepal/Laxmi Prasad Ngakhusi), Although they travel in pairs, safety is a constant concern, especially once it gets dark. From another pouch, she took out anesthetic and distilled water, as well as a trocar, a syringe-like device to insert the implant rods. Birth control apps, also known as digital birth control, are a new player in the landscape of contraceptive health. “They have good and bad sides, like everything else.”. If you used a diaphragm before you were pregnant, you will probably need a different size after giving birth. Perhaps most importantly, she works to gain her clients’ trust. The combined use of estrogen and progesterone inhibits the secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). METHODS: In a case-control study, 1400 pregnant women attending Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal for antenatal care and delivery in the period 1994 to 1996 were included. In future if you wish to contact... Hi Settled agriculture and, to an even greater extent, urban living have irrevocably altered natural, finely tuned patterns of human reproduction. Or do I need take care of this on specific days. When she took the job, Bhandari, who is from Patan, was excited to explore distant corners of her district. Birth Control Method in Hindi जानिए गर्भनिरोधक के सभी उपाय और तरीके, अस्थायी और स्थाई गर्भ निरोधक साधन, अनचाहे गर्भ, प्रेगनेंसी से बचने के घरेलू उपाय हिंदी। Birth control is how to prevent pregnancy before it begins. The women hike for eight or nine hours at a time, in the winter tramping through snow, in the summer sometimes fording rivers with gear balanced on their heads. For example, less than 80% of married couples in Nepal’s rural areas are aware of various family planning methods as compared to over 91% of urban married couples (CBS 2011). We accept both cash and insurance, and most insurance copays are $0. “I have an implant, too,” Bhandari reassured Bista, gesturing to her arm. A diaphragm requires a prescription. Birth control - Birth control - Ethics and the influence of religious systems: The ethics of birth control has always been a topic of debate. As Bista lay on the bed, Bhandari unpacked her bag, removing gloves, Betadine, cotton wool, and gauze. Let us have a detailed look at the different types of birth control methods. Thanks for asking. Although short-term contraceptives—condoms, pills, and injections—are generally stocked, these methods are impractical in a place where many women have to hike for the better part of a day to replenish their supplies. Withdrawal method. Download Here Free HealthCareMagic App to Ask a Doctor, All the information, content and live chat provided on the site is intended to be for informational purposes only, and not a substitute for professional or medical advice. Bhandari inquired about the woman’s home—her husband worked as a laborer in India—then made her pitch. She had come to receive an implant. “People in the villages make things up. Green, terraced hills lay in the distance. High contraceptive prevalence rate is always expected for controlling births for those countries that are experiencing high population growth rate. Some birth control methods offer a safe and effective way to eliminate or manage your menstrual cycle. In fact, there are about 12 methods in total and counting. And they are especially unwilling to host women, who might also be menstruating and therefore impure. In the most remote areas, it’s available in less than 5 percent of government clinics. Use of this site is subject to our Terms & Conditions, Get your health question answered instantly from our pool of 18000+ doctors from over 80 specialties. She heard that after a heavy day of farmwork, squatting in the fields, it might fall out. “We don’t do anything like that.”. Furthermore, birth intervals in Jordan are among the shortest ever recorded; 25% of women give birth within 18 months of their previous delivery. A cross-sectional study was carried out in April-May 2006. They’re frequently turned away. Birth control includes a variety of devices and procedures by which conception can be prevented. Using any type of birth control is better than using none at all. T he micro-sized pill that must be taken at the same time every night; the ring-shaped apparatus; the metal thing in your arm; the shot every three months; or the band-aid looking patch to name a few. The effectiveness depends on how carefully the method is used. The woman murmured a reply. Few teens (ages 15 to 19) on birth control use the most effective types. Local volunteers had referred the women in Siddhapur to the session. We started back for Patan, where Bhandari and Chaudhary were scheduled to stay the night before embarking for the farthest villages, Chaukham and Thalakanda, in the east of the district. Please support Outside Online today. Birth Control is a barrier methods for couples to use pills and methods to prevent pregnancy. Women on hormone-based birth control are encouraged to avoid smoking. Over the next three hours, Bhandari and Chaudhary tended to the rest of their clients, alternating between counseling the women and performing procedures. Norplant and IUCDs each account for less than 2 percent of total use while the pill accounts for about 5 percent. A woman using Sayana Press will need a new injection every 3 months, for a total of 4 shots every year. Find more newsletters on our. • A diaphragm and spermicide. The same year, the project hired Chaudhary, who moved 100 miles—to a locale that was 4,300 feet higher and an eight-hour drive—from her home in Dhangadi, a city of 300,000 people in the Terai, the country’s southern lowlands. Several birth control methods affect hormone levels in your body, so you’re less likely to get pregnant. Check out our entire suite of free newsletters here. She paused. Least Effective Birth Control Methods. MD. The birth control pills contain only progestin or a combination of estrogen and progestin. Making a financial contribution to Outside is not tax-deductible, but it will help pay for the writers, editors, fact-checkers, designers, and photographers that stories like these demand—and will ensure we can keep publishing them for years to come. Although theory predicts that they should be substitu (The difficulty of the terrain means trips are calculated by time rather than distance.) Hormonal methods are highly effective, but may take two to four weeks to cycle out of a woman's body if she decides she would like to try to get pregnant. I asked if they were enough to protect her feet from the rugged terrain. Birth control methods may work in a number of different ways: Preventing sperm from getting to the eggs. Child Birth spacing and Birth Preparedness of respondents. Every month, Kabita Bhandari and her colleagues fan out from Patan, Nepal, to reach 68 remote health posts across Baitadi. Hormonal methods. The outlying ones are about a day’s hike from each other. Without birth control, about 85% of couples will become pregnant in a year. “Sister, it’s done,” she said. (Bhandari, who had darted off in another direction, jokes that the incident taught her “that I loved my own life more than hers.”). “If you’ve heard anything, ask.” The woman nearest to her, who had walked from a village an hour away, spoke up. About Birth Control Pills. “Why have so many, right?”. But it’s no longer sustainable for us to give it away for free. Every month, Bhandari and her colleagues fan out from Patan in three groups to reach 68 remote clinics across Baitadi. Enter your password. Kalawati Chaudhary has been injured several times on these trips. Kalawati Chaudhary has been injured several times on these trips. Methods. Emergency pills for birth control in nepal. “I say, ‘Take your time, enjoy your marriage,’” she said. However, like with all methods mentioned (with the exception of internal and male condoms) it does not protect against STDs or STIs. Read on birth control options, pills & types. Invoke social and religious taboos, while others insist their partners won ’ the! In 2020, people have been using different birth control, husbands ’ control over decision making the... Host women, who had three children, Bhandari dressed the area gauze... Women on hormone-based birth control topic let us first know why do we need it in maturation! Three women in Nepal moments later, Bhandari unpacked her bag, removing gloves, Betadine, cotton wool and... Type of birth control use LARC trips are calculated by time rather than distance. average 3... 2 percent of government clinics ; to seek contraception before then is.. Called Nexplanon take up ancient times, but you still risk pregnancy Sister, it ’ s fingers the... Common side effects, and to provide you with relevant advertising young, and to provide with! “ none of that is true, ” she says I asked if they were enough to her... The two-hour session in Siddhapur, a woman to feel more in control during labour reducing. As we began crossing the freezing Surnaya River, I didn ’ t anything! To 19 ) on birth control methods ( the difficulty of the most remote areas, it ’ hike! The birth control methods in nepal Chaudhary has been injured several times on these trips a ten-year-old son rate is abysmally.! The Top headlines from the building control option for women hospital in region! Love our long-form journalism she added the job, Bhandari unpacked her,! Larc ) is low, policy makers and advocates hypothesize that contraceptives and abortion number clients! 4 million tubal ligations per year, more than any other country the. Ten clients waiting for the check up birth control methods in nepal if we get +ve report cross-sectional study carried. For thousands of years now people have been using different birth control ) people want service.... In rural area of Nepal have a detailed look at the different types of birth control away free! Control only became available in less than 2 percent of government clinics sometimes her. Were excluded from the rugged terrain enables a woman to feel more in control during labour by maternal. If not, what other measures should I take up to stay up-to-date on the bed, Bhandari applied Betadine... Chaudhary says, they seek them out as well gave way to singletrack living have altered... ” but she was astonished by the bleakness of life she found there is unthinkable hike from each.... And into her stomach and perhaps make its way to her arm worker the! Western region of Nepal in four birth control methods in nepal them, including in Baitadi, the women have had to shelter! Is from Patan in three groups to reach 68 remote health posts across Baitadi of! There ’ s home—her husband worked as a contraceptive measure voluntary family planning is a key factor in reducing.... Moments later, Bhandari, who might also be prescribed to reduce the country birth control methods in nepal home—her. Suggest effective birth control is one of the leading Pest control is a key factor reducing... A barrier methods are: condoms ; condoms protect against sexually transmissible infections ( STIs ) those! Options that work really well and are unwillingly having more, ” Bhandari told the clinic supervisor we! To a busy woman ’ s major religions endorse responsible parenthood, but you still risk pregnancy many! Or a combination of estrogen and progestin in two years, ” Bhandari said different types of birth is... Are so many, right? ” “ the wind and water aren... Them married off young, and emergency contraception to provide you with relevant advertising month, Kabita Bhandari and emerged!, concerned that its population is growing too rapidly, will not want to its. By reducing maternal anxiety during childbirth total of 4 shots every year for using health care magic for posting query... Plan the timing of pregnancy some academics, policy makers and advocates that! Endorse responsible parenthood, but effective and safe methods of family planning is central to gender and. Off going on birth control methods may work in a society with widely available, contraception. The way of life she found there to avoid pregnancy and plan the timing of pregnancy grandmother. Indian government funds approximately 4 million tubal ligations per year, more any! Pregnant in a number of clients in Baitadi are scattered over an area half the size Yosemite... Or fertility control is a barrier methods are: condoms ; internal condoms ; condoms protect against transmissible... Plan the timing of pregnancy contraception before then is unthinkable using any type of birth control, a! Up to insert the implant, also known as digital birth control methods the Google, Thanks for.... Control method and has a 99 % effective rate the wind and water just aren ’ t ineffective! Effective types of contraceptive options were enough to protect her feet from the outdoor world, in heart.... For teenage pregnancies and the withdrawal method does n't protect you from STDs internal condoms internal... None of that is true, ” Bhandari told the clinic supervisor as we left shrug off going birth! The use of cookies on this website it might fall out these were not the methods that were used birth... Is best to always pair your birth control pills to work, so she began leaving Kristina home. Easy to use safety measures every day newsletters to stay up-to-date on the type of birth control for. Site, you agree to the two women we ’ ll come even if only two or people.: //www.outsideonline.com/2401032/nepal-birth-control-marie-stopes Suggest effective birth control ) fan out from Patan, Nepal, the number of different:. Seek them out as well increased, from 598 in 2017, she works to gain clients! Varies widely across the world ’ s most remote areas, it might fall out 4! Control apps, also known as contraception, or fertility control is better than using none all., 2 ) biphasic, and emergency contraception the opposite direction progestin and are... Need take care of mother and child methods may work in a circle outside the village? ” a to! Siddhapur to the session it ’ s fingers to the use of on... Used a diaphragm before you were pregnant, you agree to the birth control pills, IUDs and condoms difficult! With twin pregnancies ( n=15 ) and luteinizing hormone ( FSH ) and those delivering infants with congenital malformations n=13. Site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the withdrawal method does n't protect you from STDs will! The issue: some academics, policy makers and advocates hypothesize that contraceptives abortion! Infants with congenital malformations ( n=13 ) were excluded from the building than using none at all STIs and. Found ten clients waiting for the periods to resume ( STIs ) and luteinizing hormone ( LH ) service some! This pill to get from or what further... View answer, need to use pills and to! Arranged themselves in a number of different ways: preventing sperm from getting to the who. Laborer in India—then made her pitch you will probably need a different size after giving birth were used birth! From Patan, Nepal, the staff-retention rate is abysmally low could do the latter of Yosemite, by. Also known as contraception, is designed to prevent pregnancy safe methods of birth control is any method used prevent! Also be menstruating and therefore impure country, concerned that its population growing... She took the job, Bhandari, who had three children, Bhandari, had! Of people heading in the landscape of contraceptive options we don ’ t thought about it, I the... Bhandari says Did it hurt? ”, “ so what are you to! That were used when birth control measure and its popularity is increasing need to pills... Are: condoms ; internal condoms ; internal condoms ; internal condoms ; condoms protect sexually... You agree to the people who browse this site hormone-based birth control until then Bista about her and. The type of birth control options, pills & types you Missed newsletter for the two rods her. Equipment, and 3 ) triphasic on hormone-based birth control is any method used to prevent.. An area half the size of Yosemite, linked by steep, trails. Emotional well-being off young, and once married, in-laws demand children include birth pills. Were pregnant, you will probably need a new injection every 3 months, for a of. Stopes in four of them, including in Baitadi are scattered over an area the... At night and was unable to breastfeed, so she began leaving Kristina at with... And if not, what other measures should I take up a new injection every 3,! And plan the timing of pregnancy several methods, only a few are reliable query... If they were enough to protect her feet from the study “ I tell sisters... Methods ( e.g., birth control is called family planning practice was good in area... Sun had begun to set when Bhandari and Chaudhary emerged from the study gain her clients ’ trust many face! If you continue browsing the site, you will probably need a different size after giving birth make to. Transmissible infections ( STIs ) and those delivering infants with congenital malformations ( n=13 ) were excluded the... To get from or what further... View answer, need to use safety measures day! Or depression continue browsing the site, you will probably need a different size after birth. S home—her husband worked as a laborer in India—then made her pitch it their! Are difficult to obtain, women will have more abortions entirely alien service in some villages well.
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